Journal: Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine

Article Title: Saving the local tradition: ethnobotanical survey on the use of plants in Bologna district (Italy)

doi: 10.1186/s13002-024-00664-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of the detailed information about the taxa, emerging from the ethnobotanical investigation

Article Snippet: Echium vulgare L.BOLO0004948 , Erba viperina Echio Êrba plåuʃa , Wild-native , MED: Root decoction is an antidot against snake bites (1 M). Leaf juice is placed directly on the viper bites (3 M) SMR : Drinking the decoction of the root not only is an antidot against snake bites, but it also able to prevent this from happening (1 M).

Techniques: Ointment, Cream, Activity Assay, Infection, Serial Time-encoded Amplified Microscopy, Cannabis, CRAfT Assay, Filtration, Purification, Muscles, Sterility, Extraction, Staining, Control, Eye Drops, Preserving, Generated, Fertilizer, Expressing

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Exosome-like Nanovesicles from Hordeum vulgare L. Fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BMSE-HMP251 Ameliorate LPS-Induced Inflammation in HT-29 and RAW 264.7 Cells

doi: 10.3390/molecules31040679

Figure Lengend Snippet: NTA and Oil Red O staining of exosome-like nanovesicles isolated from Hordeum vulgare L. extract and fermented Hordeum vulgare L. broth. Exosome-like nanovesicles derived from ( a ) Hordeum vulgare L. extract and ( b ) fermented Hordeum vulgare L. broth, with NTA performed using ZetaView software (v8.05.14 SP7) to determine particle size distribution and concentration. Oil Red O staining of exosome-like nanovesicles isolated from ( c ) Hordeum vulgare L. extract and ( d ) fermented Hordeum vulgare L. broth. The arrows indicate exosome-like nanovesicles that were stained with Oil Red O. The scale bar represents 500 nm.

Article Snippet: Fermented Hordeum vulgare L. broth–derived exosome-like nanovesicles (FHV-EVs) exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity of 44.78% than the DPPH radical scavenging activity (32.95%) of Hordeum vulgare L. extract–derived exosome-like nanovesicles (HV-EVs) ( a), while both samples exhibited similarly high ABTS radical scavenging activities of 94.34% and 94.56%, respectively, comparable to that of the 0.5% ascorbic acid ( b).

Techniques: Staining, Isolation, Derivative Assay, Software, Concentration Assay

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Exosome-like Nanovesicles from Hordeum vulgare L. Fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BMSE-HMP251 Ameliorate LPS-Induced Inflammation in HT-29 and RAW 264.7 Cells

doi: 10.3390/molecules31040679

Figure Lengend Snippet: Growth comparison of Hordeum vulgare L. under different light intensity conditions. ( a ) seed preparation, ( b ) immediately after seed sowing, ( c ) comparison of growth, ( d ) after 7 days of growth.

Article Snippet: Fermented Hordeum vulgare L. broth–derived exosome-like nanovesicles (FHV-EVs) exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity of 44.78% than the DPPH radical scavenging activity (32.95%) of Hordeum vulgare L. extract–derived exosome-like nanovesicles (HV-EVs) ( a), while both samples exhibited similarly high ABTS radical scavenging activities of 94.34% and 94.56%, respectively, comparable to that of the 0.5% ascorbic acid ( b).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Programmed cell removal by calreticulin in tissue homeostasis and cancer

doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05211-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Identification of CRT-binding ligands on aged and malignant cells. a Screening for CRT-binding glycans with carbohydrate microarray. Purified CRT-IgG-Fc proteins were used to probe a carbohydrate microarray containing a number of different types of glycans, including N-, O- and sulfated-glycans. Anti-IgG-Fc antibody was used for detecting binding of CRT to glycans. Glyco-antigens were used at 0.05 and 0.25 μg μl −1 (left and right bars for each glycan). n = 3. Error bars represent standard deviation. b PHA-L binding to peritoneal neutrophils and macrophages at 0, 4, 6, 8, 24, and 72 h after thioglycollate injection in MRP8-Bcl2 mice. c , d Examination of cell surface CRT-binding sites on neutrophils. Bone marrow ( c ) or peritoneal neutrophils ( d ) were collected and treated with heat inactivated neuraminidase (Δneu) or neuraminidase (neu). Cells were incubated with PBS (control; black) or recombinant CRT proteins (red) and binding of CRT was then measured by flow cytometry with PE-conjugated anti-CRT antibody. rCRT binds to mature peritoneal neutrophils but not the immature bone marrow neutrophils. Treatment with neuraminidase led to the release of CRT-binding sites. e , f Immunofluorescent staining of CRT in HL60 ( e ) and SW620 ( f ) cells. CRT localized to perinuclear regions, vesicles, and cell surface. CRT was either expressed at a low level ( e ) or limited to the perinuclear regions ( f ), while a significant portion of PHA-L staining were observed on the cell surface ( e and f ).In a – d , MFI, mean fluorescence intensity

Article Snippet: For CRT-binding experiments, cells were incubated with recombinant calreticulin human Fc fusion protein at 40 µg ml −1 or biotin-PHA-L 6 µg ml − 1 (B-1115, Vector laboratory) for 1 h incubated on ice.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Microarray, Purification, Standard Deviation, Injection, Incubation, Recombinant, Flow Cytometry, Staining, Fluorescence

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Programmed cell removal by calreticulin in tissue homeostasis and cancer

doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05211-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell surface asialoglycans regulates CRT-mediated PrCR. a , b Treatment with neuraminidase led to the removal of sialic acids from the cell surface of HL60 cells. HL60 cells were treated with heat inactivated neuraminidase (Δneu) or neuraminidase (neu). Cell surface sialic acids were examined by staining with EBL (a) and MAL (b) by flow cytometry analysis. EBL, Elderberry Bark Lectin; MAL, Maackia Amurensis Lectin II. c , d Examination of cell surface CRT and PHA-L binding sites on cancer cells. HL60 cells were treated with heat inactivated neuraminidase (Δneu) or neuraminidase (neu). Recombinant CRT ( c ) and PHA-L ( d ) binding after treatment were measured by flow cytometry. e , f Phagocytosis of cancer cells with neuraminidase treatment. In vitro Phagocytosis assays were performed with HL60, K562, DLD-1, and SW620 cells treated with heat inactivated neuraminidase (Δneu) or neuraminidase (neu) as target cells. Mouse bone marrow-derived ( e ) and human peripheral blood monocyte-derived ( f ) macrophages were used for the assay. Phagocytosis was normalized to the maximal response in the experiments. n = 3. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 ( t -test) for phagocytosis between heat inactivated neuraminidase (Δneu)- and neuraminidase (neu)-treated groups. Error bars represent standard deviation. g , h Effects of suppressing the expression of endogenous neuraminidases in cancer cells. Neu1–Neu4 gene knockout were performed with CRISPR in HL60 cells. In vitro Phagocytosis assays were performed with HL60 cells as target cells and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages ( h ). Macrophages were treated with PBS (ctrl) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Neu4 knockout led to the decrease of cell surface CRT-binding sites and inhibited cancer cell phagocytosis. Phagocytosis was normalized to the maximal response in the experiments. n = 3. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 ( t -test) for phagocytosis between ctrl and Neu4 KO groups. Error bars represent standard deviation

Article Snippet: For CRT-binding experiments, cells were incubated with recombinant calreticulin human Fc fusion protein at 40 µg ml −1 or biotin-PHA-L 6 µg ml − 1 (B-1115, Vector laboratory) for 1 h incubated on ice.

Techniques: Staining, Flow Cytometry, Binding Assay, Recombinant, In Vitro, Derivative Assay, Standard Deviation, Expressing, Gene Knockout, CRISPR, Knock-Out

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Programmed cell removal by calreticulin in tissue homeostasis and cancer

doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05211-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Function of CRT-binding site in multiple malignancies and hematopoiesis. a , b In vivo tumorigenicity of cancer cells treated with neuraminidase. HL60 and DLD-1 cells were treated with heat inactivated neuraminidase (Δneu) or neuraminidase (neu), and injected subcutaneously into NSG mice. Growth of transplanted tumors was monitored by bioluminescence imaging. Tumor growth was normalized to bioluminescence signals of the injection day as fold changes. n = 5. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 ( t -test) for tumor growth between heat inactivated neuraminidase (Δneu)- and neuraminidase (neu)-treated groups. Error bars represent standard deviation. c – f Genes related to the regulation of CRT-binding sites as a diagnostic marker for overall survival of cancer patients. Higher expression of NEU2 and NEU4 which induce the removal of sialic acids correlated with an improved survival while higher expression of ST3GAL1 and ST6GAL1 which enhance sialic acid expression correlated with a worse outcome. g Correlation between PHA-L binding and CRT levels on the cell surface of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), Multipotential progenitor (MPP), leukemia stem cells (LSC), and blasts cells from primary AML patient samples; analysis by flow cytometry. In g , MFI, mean fluorescence intensity

Article Snippet: For CRT-binding experiments, cells were incubated with recombinant calreticulin human Fc fusion protein at 40 µg ml −1 or biotin-PHA-L 6 µg ml − 1 (B-1115, Vector laboratory) for 1 h incubated on ice.

Techniques: Binding Assay, In Vivo, Injection, Imaging, Standard Deviation, Diagnostic Assay, Marker, Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence